Політ. Інформаційно-комунікаційні засади міжнародних відносин. 2021

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49966

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The Swedish Model of Neutrality policy: an experience for Ukraine
(National Aviation University, 2021) Tsybrovska, Diana Serhiivna; Цибровська, Діана Сергіївна
Considering the Swedish model of a “neutral” state as an experience for Ukraine, it should be noted that Sweden belongs to the small group of countries that build their foreign policy on the values of human rights, democracy and international cooperation.International law and democratic values are key principles that determine Sweden’s interests in relations with other countries. Sweden opposes isolationism and selfishness in international politics. According to the Swedish Foreign Ministry, Swedish foreign policy must remain active, fearless and constructive.At present, the main priority of the government’s foreign policy is to preserve a principled and cohesive European Union, Sweden’s “most important foreign policy arena.”
Social networks as a tool of political manipulation and propaganda
(National Aviation University, 2021) Chekanova, Polina Vladimirovna; Чеканова, Поліна Володимирівна
Propaganda as a means of purposeful formation of the social worldview has existed throughout human history. With the rapid development of the global information society and the widespread use of information and communication technologies on the Internet in all spheres of life, electronic media have taken on a significant function in shaping people’s worldview, establishing their values, views, beliefs and preferences. In the realities of modern information wars, social networks are actively used to carry out purposeful propaganda influence on citizens. Examples are: the Israeli– Palestinian conflict, the conflict between Ukraine and Russia; revolutions in Syria, Egypt, Tunisia. Social networks also act as organizers, coordinators of certain types of actions, protests, etc. The use of social networks in modern conflicts and wars is due to a number of conditions: 1. Openness and easy access to the network; 2. Lack of sufficient control over user actions; 3. Social media is user-based: In some social networks, the users create their own content entirely, and they can express their unique point of view by controlling the shared content. In other words, social media is both a receiver and a transmitter. An important point is that social networks have become an alternative to media,and occupied an important place in the life of modern man.
Feminism impact on gender policies development example of EU countries
(National Aviation University, 2021) Dyadus, Daria Andreevna; Дядюсь, Дар’я Андріївна
One of the necessary signs of a society’s ability to renew, modernize and transition from a traditional to a modern way of life is the emergence of various forms of women’s political activity. This is reflected in the emergence of public associations, whose cumulative expression is feminism. Liberty has an outstanding value and a fundamental essential characteristic of human beings. Nevertheless, women’s rights are not fully realized in any state nowadays. General feminism is the ideology of women’s liberation, because it is the belief, which is essential in all feminist movements, that women suffer injustice in connection with their own article. Framed formulation within this broad of feminism are various approaches to elucidating the causes and factors of women’s oppression.
Foremost global challenges: causes and possible consequences
(National Aviation University, 2021) Basova, Kateryna Andriivna; Басова, Катерина Андріївна
In today’s world, when the number of dangers for humanity is growing, and the question of their unresolvedness arises more and more, it is advisable to consider the concepts of global challenges, problems, threats and risks and their relationship, to better understand the nature of each. At this stage, humanity is faced with a number of issues that need to be addressed immediately and that arose in the last century. Global problems - (from the Latin. Globus (terrae) - the globe) - a set of vital, affecting humanity as a whole, and unsolvable within individual states and even geographical regions, problems. Global problems came to the fore in the twentieth century as a result of a significant increase in population and a sharp intensification of the production process in industrial society [3]. Global issues include: preventing thermonuclear warfare; reduction of rapid population growth («population explosion» in developing countries); prevention of catastrophic pollution of the environment, especially the atmosphere and the oceans; ensuring further economic development with the necessary natural resources, especially non-renewable ones; bridging the gap in living standards between developed and developing countries; elimination of hunger, poverty and illiteracy, etc.
Ukrainian-Polish economic cooperation
(National Aviation University, 2021) Boreyko, Anastasia Konstantinovna; Борейко, Анастасія Констянтинівна
The priority direction of Ukraine’s integration into the European Union actualizes the issues of economic cooperation with the member states of the European community, in particular with the Republic of Poland. Goodneighborly relations between the two countries in the economic sphere are the key to the stable development of the entire Central – East Europe. However, nowadays relations between Poland and Ukraine have recently become much more complicated. The partnership between the USSR (that preceded the becoming of Ukraine), its controlled Warsaw Pact Organization and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance reached the level of strategic partnership in the mid-90s of the twentieth century. In contrast to the political component, which, in general, corresponds to this format of trade and economic cooperation is significantly inferior to it. Cooperation between the two countries was negatively affected by the incompleteness of the processes of reforming of the Ukrainian economy, the lack of a balanced economic development strategy in official Kyiv, and the focus on achieving short-term tactical goals. Against the background of stable growth that was demonstrated by the Polish economy, moving towards European integration, the stalemate of the situation in Ukraine seemed more and more obvious, and the prospects for interstate cooperation became increasingly questionable.
Islam as a civilizational factor of Europe`s future
(National Aviation University, 2021) Hohol, Kateryna Vyacheslavivna; Гоголь, Катерина В’ячеславівна
Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Europe, primarily due to immigration and higher fertility rates among Muslims. For most European countries, in terms of socio-economic and demographic calculations, the need for an influx of immigrants was due to the trends of aging nations and the needs of the European labor market. Migration processes are becoming an important factor in socio-religious transformation in Europe and require finding ways to integrate Muslim communities into European societies, one of the goals of which is to preserve the national identity of European countries. The purpose of the scientific work is to identify and substantiate the impact of Islamic factor in the European cultural-civilization space. The civilization is a system whose constituent elements are peoples, nations, states, integrated into a certain integrity, the system-forming factor of which is the value-world unity, accumulated primarily in religious experience and spiritual practice. Of course, different civilizations have common features of an objective nature, such as language, history, religion, customs, institutions.
About the need for ratification in Ukraine of global convention the recognition concerning higher education
(National Aviation University, 2021) Yevdokymenko, Tetyana Mykolayivna; Naumenko, Natalia Vasylivna; Євдокименко, Тетяна Миколаївна; Науменко, Наталія Василівна
To be valid in Ukraine (for employment or continuing education purposes), a foreign educational document you may needs to undergo the recognition procedure. This means establishing the compliance of the academic and professional rights, as well as the educational and qualification levels indicated in foreign educational documents (qualifications) with the national education standards of Ukraine. Currently, the recognition of educational documents in Ukraine is based on the Convention on the Recognition of Higher Education Qualifications in the European Region (Lisbon, April 11, 1997) and international agreements on mutual recognition and equivalence of educational documents and scientific titles. The Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications (the Lisbon Convention) was jointly developed by the Council of Europe and UNESCO in order to promote recognition of qualifications awarded in one country (Party of the Convention) by another country (Party of the Convention).
Information terrorism: general information and ways of prevention
(National Aviation University, 2021) Ivanova, Anastasia Alexandrovna; Іванова, Анастасія Олександрівна
XXI century - a time of rapid development of the information space, the world of globalization and the formation of the information society, in these conditions, terrorism began to act as an independent factor that could threaten the integrity of the state and destabilize the international situation. The term «information terrorism» is more general and covers the use of various methods and means of informational influence on various aspects of human society (physical, informational, cognitive, social). Information terrorism should be understood as one of the types of terrorist activity aimed at the use of various forms and methods of temporary or irreversible decommissioning of the state’s information infrastructure or its elements, as well as the targeted use of this infrastructure to create catastrophic conditions for different parties. vital activity of society and the state .
Evolution of the information society
(National Aviation University, 2021) Hrytsenko, Mikhail Alexandrovich; Гриценко, Михайло Олександрович
The evolution of cloud technology began in the 1950s with the introduction of mainframes at IBM. A mainframe is a server with a large amount of RAM and external memory. It is designed to solve problems related to the processing of large amounts of data. The operators of these machines have the ability to access the central computer through terminals, the only function of which was to provide access to additional operators to the mainframes. In most cases, the user did not need the full power of the mainframe. Therefore, «stupid» ports have made mainframes more costeffective, and cloud technologies have a chance for further development. The idea of an «intergalactic computer network» first originated in the 1960s with Joseph Licklider. He was responsible for setting up the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPANET) network. The essence of his concept was that all users from anywhere in the world should be interconnected and access programs and data on any site. The very idea of cloud services is associated with John McCarthy, a specialist in the theory of electronic computers. He suggested that computer computing would be available as a service in the future. This concept will form the basis of the SaaS model, which provides cloud software as a public service.
Features of the distribution of power of the united states through the prism of the system «checks and balances»
(National Aviation University, 2021) Maslii, Marina Serhiivna; Маслій, Марина Сергіївна
It is well known that the United States is one of the most politically stable countries in the world. The result of the American stable political system was the creation of a system of checks and balances. The United States was not the democracy we know it today. Rather, this state of the American political system is the result of a complex evolution that lasted more than two hundred years and was made possible by the flexibility enshrined in the Constitution. The American Constitution is short - it contains less than eight thousand words. It does not regulate all the details of the functioning of the country, but it contains very clear principles that have to guide the President and Congress in the law-making process and the judiciary in the process of interpreting laws.
Recognition of foreign education qualification in Ukraine
(National Aviation University, 2021) Naumenko, Natalia Vasylivna; Yevdokymenko, Tetyana Mykolayivna; Krasnoshchok, V.V.; Науменко, Наталія Василівна; Євдокименко, Тетяна Миколаївна; Краснощок, В.В.
Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region (Lisbon, 1997) is the main international document in the field of recognition of foreign education qualifications for countries, including Ukraine, that support the idea of creating the European Higher Education Area within the Bologna Process. Ukraine ratified the Convention in 1997, and in 2000 the Ministry of Education and Science issued the first recognition decisions. During 2000–2012, the recognition procedure in Ukraine was called ‘nostrification’, as in many postSoviet countries. However, since 2010 the procedure has been reformed and a course taken toward harmonizing it with the European practices, taking into account the recommendations of the Lisbon Convention Committee in a timely manner. Since 2010, a legal act governing the recognition of foreign education qualifications had been changed three times, and now a new (fourth) edition after the public debate is being prepared for adoption. The name of the procedure was also changed in 2011 in accordance with the terminology used in the Bologna Process – the recognition of foreign degrees, recognition of educational documents, and recognition of qualifications. In Ukraine, since 2015, in addition to the relevant Ministry, the higher education institutions also have been authorized to recognize educational documents. However, the outdated term ‘nostrification’, references and analysis of outdated regulations can still be found both on the information resources of higher education institutions and in the scientific articles and research papers.
UN humanitarian activities in Africa: features of geopolitical realities
(National Aviation University, 2021) Danilyuk, Alexander Vasilyevich; Данилюк, Олександр Васильович
Africa’s relationship with the United Nations began in 1960, when 15 African countries gained independence and 17 became UN member states. In an effort to remove the stain of Western colonialism, the UN embarked on an effort to assist newly independent African states in their right to sovereignty and self-determination. Many states lacked familiarity with democratic structures, were plagued by ethnic strife, and faced internal struggles for access to political power and access to resources. The first peacekeeping mission on the African continent was established in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with the support of 20,000 troops.
The role of media in hybrid wars: Ukrainian experience
(National Aviation University, 2021) Trotskovets, Ivanna Vasylivna; Троцковець, Іванна Василівна
The rapid development of technology has dramatically changed the information environment we live in. The capabilities provided by information technology allow anyone to capture, edit and share information, images and videos in real time, regardless of whether traditional media report any events. This gives everyone the opportunity to become an actor in the information process and potentially distribute messages to audiences of unlimited numbers and sizes around the world. It is worth noting that governments and traditional media are no longer the most important players in the information space; now, they must compete for keeping their spot among all other actors in the media. Mass media is one of the types of media, the main purpose of which is the simultaneous influence, i.e. the transfer of information to a large group of people. Mass media is believed to be the main channel of transmitting and reproducing information by such means as television, radio, the Internet, and the press (newspapers, books, magazines). In addition, the term “media” can be applied to organizations that control the above means, i.e. publishing houses and television channels. Since 2013, the mass media have become the Kremlin’s main “weapon” for spreading propaganda and disinformation about Ukraine in the world.
Information security of Ukraine in the conditions of globalizations challenges and hybrid war
(National Aviation University, 2021) Homonyuk, Angelina Anatoliyivna; Гомонюк, Ангеліна Анатоліївна
The urgency of the work lies in the fact that recently the problem of information security in Ukraine has become more and more frequent, which is especially relevant in connection with the escalation of the active phase of the hybrid war. The armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, the annexation of Crimea, and terrorist actions against Ukrainian statehood are all superimposed on the harsh, fake anti-Ukrainian information rhetoric used in the state-run media. The issue of dissemination of negative and unreliable information via the Internet is especially acute. In the context of globalization, information and communication technologies are an integral part of human life. They have become a factor involved in the production of goods and services. Such changes entail the transformation of both the social structure of society and, in all spheres — economic, sociopolitical, and spiritual — profound revolutionary transformations are taking place. In the context of an armed conflict, information technologies are becoming levers of influence that threaten the loss of Ukraine’s sovereignty. The creation and dissemination of the latest technologies and global means of communication has led to the global information revolution. The growing role of information in public life has raised to a new level the problem of information security. They are extremely relevant at the present stage of development of information and communication technologies. This suggests that the results of the scientific and technological revolution can be used not only for positive purposes, but also to have negative consequences for society. The most obvious challenges caused by uneven access to technology are the widening of the digital divide between countries, opportunities to preserve the cultural identity of nation states in a globalized world, the rise in cybercrime, and so on. This has given rise to a new phenomenon of the modern world - «information security», which affects the interests of each individual country and, at the regional and global levels, is an element of the overall system of international security.
Media literacy
(National Aviation University, 2021) Shchіpak, Darya Dmytrivna; Щіпак, Дар’я Дмитрівна
A great number of people spend on social networks more than 2 hours per day. And in general its content raises great concerns from a security point of view. As a new tendency, information usually provokes (especially among adolescents and young people) the destruction of universal values, personal models of behavior, undermine the idea of morality and ethics. Using social networks people face with inaccurate information which forms incorrect knowledge and perceptions in the audience. This risk is one of the most common on social media. This can be any information: from distortion of news to incorrect indication of the author of any quotation. What is more, people with a lack of media literacy can be endangered with mind influence, especially in political and social spheres.
Digital communication in the system of public administration: Ukrainian experience
(National Aviation University, 2021) Gavega, Anastasia Sergeevna; Гавега, Анастасія Сергіївна
In the modern world, the digital communication is beginning to play an increasingly significant and comprehensive role. This is particularly important when information becomes one of the means of solving geopolitical problems and is used as a means of forming a certain socio-political platform to promote the interests of regional and global players in world politics on the territory of other countries. The use of electronic signatures, the digital release of documents and information, or the electronic invoicing both in the public sector and in the private sector are no longer news. Nowadays, citizens can actively participate in the life of society through online tools, and it represents the digital transformation of citizenship. Considering the importance of this issue, it is necessary to educate people to digital citizenship. The effectiveness of Public Administration due to the use of digital communications is: • the level of openness and accessibility of the activities of public authorities; • the level of trust of citizens in these bodies; • the degree of public involvement in making public power decisions; • the level of corruption of public authorities.
Kurdish problem in international relations in the middle in the 21st century
(National Aviation University, 2021) Humper, Diana Alexandrovna; Гумпер, Діана Олександрівна
The article analyzes the socio-political situation of Kurdish lands in four countries in the Middle East – Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria, as well as the prospects for Kurdish statehood in the medium term. The issues of Kurdish issues in the structure of modern international relations in the region, namely: Turkish-Iraqi relations; the war in Syria and Iranian ethno-national problems, are considered. Based on the conducted scientific research conclusions on the solution of the Kurdish issue are formed.
The Japanese phenomenon in the use of soft power
(National Aviation University, 2021) Samarin, Andrey Igorovich; Самарін, Андрій Ігорович
The problem of “soft power” in international relations and its role in Japanese foreign policy is an interesting problem for research, given its insufficient scientific study. Due to the prevailing general attitude to the problem of “soft power” in world politics, where the phenomenon under study is considered only an auxiliary method of foreign policy and not a full-fledged tool to achieve their goals in the international arena. The need to study the use of “soft power” is caused by the ongoing shifts in international relations and world politics, which appeared as a result of the development of globalization processes, information and technological spheres. With the emergence of new actors and the rapidly changing rules of the game in the international arena, it is important for countries to quickly adapt to these rules and make full use of new tools. Thus, the aim of the study is to study the features of the concept of “soft power”. Japan’s soft power policy is a very successful example of the full implementation of this diplomatic tool. In Japan, the use of soft power tools is in line with borrowing proven foreign experience, supplemented by national specifics and ultimately oriented towards the interests of national business. Innovation, culture, language and much more - all these are things that affect the political and diplomatic situation in relations between Japan and other countries. Japan is attractive not only because of its model economic development, but also thanks to its status as a leader in the field innovation e.g.. Innovation is one of the foundations of its economic model development. Both Japan and the countries of the region have repeatedly stressed that Japanese technology and natural resources of Central Asia complement each other.
The influence of political consciousness and culture on the course of the us presidential election in 2020
(National Aviation University, 2021) Ivankevich, Elizaveta Igorevna; Іванкевич, Єлизавета Ігорівна
In the modern world, political culture is one of the main elements that constitute the spiritual potential of society and reflects the degree of its political civilization. The formation of political consciousness, as well as political culture in general, at the empirical level is associated with a direct fixation of the practical experience of a political entity. The United States is a country that has its own type of political culture, which was formed in a relatively short period of time, but has clear characteristics that are passed down from generation to generation. The political culture of the United States is largely determined by traditions brought from the European continent by the first generations of immigrants. The foundations of political culture were formed before the war for independence and later established in the political consciousness of Americans. The political culture of the United States is characterized by the idea of the special significance of American democracy, its history and principles, and its superiority in relation to the political systems of other countries.
Prospects for the settlement of a proxy war in Yemen
(National Aviation University, 2021) Kuprash, Kateryna Mykolayivna; Купраш, Катерина Миколаївна
Yemen is one of the poorest Arab countries, and a civil war has been going on here since 2015.In general, a proxy war is a war in which two states do not fight directly, but using as parties to the conflict some third countries: their allies (satellites), providing decisive assistance with finances, equipment, military personnel. This conflict is relevant in the context of modern international relations, because it has led to a humanitarian catastrophe: millions of people are starving, do not have access to drinking water, medicine and electricity. The head of the UN World Food Program, David Bisley, recently announced a deplorable figure: 12 million people in Yemen suffer from «severe hunger.» Cholera is a rampant disease in the country. The epidemic began in April 2017, and during this time it canot be extinguished due to the destruction of health infrastructure, water and sewage treatment plants, as well as famine, which reduces the ability of the population to resist infections. The humanitarian catastrophe caused by the Hussite coup in Yemen is a revolution against the Yemeni government organized by a coalition of Hussites and Ali Abdullah Saleh. The parties to the conflict are Iran-backed Houthi rebels, who control the capital Sana’a and much of the north and west of the country. On the other hand, there is an internationally recognized government backed by Saudi Arabia, as well as supporters of the secession of South Yemen.

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