Політ. Аеронавігація. Електроніка. Телекомунікації. 2021

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Aerials safe-forest system
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2021-04-05) Melnikov, V. D.; Мельніков, Василь Дмитрович
Millions of hectares of forest have been destroyed by fires in recent years. Our device, «the Safe-Forest System», offers an early warning method for forest fires. It is compact, easy to manufacture, cheap and energy-efficient. One or more drones fly over the forest according to the program in automatic mode, which requests infor-mation from the sensor from each device and transmit it to the fire services.
Alternative energy from human heat
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Ivanytskyi, Maksym; Іваницький, Максим Сергійович
There are many types of energy in the world that make up electricity, such as chemical, thermal, mechanical, nuclear and many others. The speciality of all types of energy are that they must have a source from which resources are fixed for the formation of an electric flow of energy. And that's a big problem. They depend on, so to speak, the source of certain energy - coal, water, nuclear fuel and so on. There is also a problem at the time that those resources are becoming scarce and people are starting to turn to alternative energy sources.
Application multi-GNSS to determine objects coordinates and evaluation of accuracy location
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Tarasevych, Stanislav; Тарасевич, Станіслав Миколайович
These theses reflect the problem of accuracy of positioning of objects when using global navigation systems. The method of using the error ellipse to increase the accuracy of the obtained data is considered. The abstracts present the results of the inclusion of various factors in the calculation and explanation of them.
Application of neural networks for solving interpolation tasks
(National Aviation University, 2021) Strukov, D.D.; Myronchuk, O.Y.
Artificial neural networks (ANN) are fundamental solution for most of nowadays algorithmic and optimization problems. The most frequently encountered artificial neuron models are neurons with multiple inputs and single output, named feedforward neural network (FNN).
Automated system for orientation and stabilization of a small spacecraft
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2021-04-28) Tsoba, Arthur; Цьоба, Артур Олександрович
Flight control of small spacecraft is one of the most time-consuming and complex components of the process of their operation. This is especially true for small spacecraft, designed to implement modern space programs. As follows from the existing experience of creation and operation of small spacecraft, the reliability and safety of their flight are determined not only by the perfection of the aircraft, but also the quality of methods, tools and flight control systems. In addition, the requirements for control systems affect the appearance and characteristics of the small spacecraft , its systems and onboard software.
Aviation english as a guarantee of safety
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Erkinov, Otabek; Еркінов, Отабек Ділшод угли
English is the dominant language of aviation personal. Pilots and air traffic controllers controlling international flights have radio telephoning in Aviation English. They use a language which consists of Standard Phraseology and General English. The first is used in routine situations to be laconic and transmit information accurate. It is possible because words and phrases of Standard Phraseology have only one meaning. However, Standard Phraseology is not enough to control the air traffic in case of emergency situations. In this case General English is required.
Batteries of the spacecraft
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Rud, Andrew; Рудь, Андрій Андрійович
The study and development of space requires the development and improvement of spacecraft for various purposes. In this case, it is economically feasible to increase the service life of the spacecraft. The high level of reliability and quality of operation of onboard systems and equipment of spacecraft largely depend on the efficiency of their power supply systems. As practice shows, the primary source of energy in the energy supply system is the solar battery. It determines the period of active existence of the spacecraft. Failure of the solar battery leads to the gradual failure of the entire power supply system.
Commutator or the CISCO system. Desirability of their use
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Surtmach, Oleksandr; Суртмач, Олександр Віталійович; Pinchuk, Alla; Пінчук, Алла Дмитрівна; Batyuk, Viktoriya; Батюк, Вікторія Олегівна
The work is devoted to the broad range of issues, such as the transmission of voice data and information, video images on the scale of global and local networks.
Computer algebra system «Mathematica» for teaching english for special purposes
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Lavrentiev, Dmytro; Лаврентьєв, Дмитро Андрійович
The work deals with English for special purposes (ESP) and assumes an orientation toward the learner and a profile learning process. Almost every professional activity nowadays involves the use of computer programming tools, mathematical methods, computer simulation and visualization. Computer algebra systems can be applied to implement teaching English for special purposes of developing computer and subject-based competencies. The universality of current symbol modeling in CAS «Mathematica».
Computer traction management system in the mode of landing on a short runway
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Olender, Bogdan; Олендер, Богдан Андрійович
Analysis of European airfields in small towns shows that today airfields with "short runways" are the largest group, and in the future their number will only increase due to: the desire to bring airfields to densely populated areas, as well as due to low , compared with the "elite" airfields, construction costs. This trend is accompanied by the emergence of short take-off and landing aircraft SR, as well as the implementation of automated control systems (ACS) and such aircraft modern methods of landing control on "short runways". Based on the analysis of the experience of developing such ACS, the following requirements for onboard short-landing systems can be determined: information support of the approach to landing on a steep glide path with a landing point located at the beginning of the runway, while implementing high-precision guidance to the point of contact; direct control of the thrust of the power plant, with the optimal combination of the action of the chassis brakes and reverse thrust at the stage of the run of the aircraft on the runway.
Controllers (PLC) safety (safety relay). Overview. Primary requirements. Features of the application
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Yehorova, Victoria; Єгорова, Вікторія Олександрівна
Many machines and robots require safety circuits to stop all or part of an operation in the event of an emergency event. These safety circuits are typically configured using safety relays, or a safety-rated programmable logic controller (PLC) or other safety-rated controller. One or more multi-function safety relays can often be used to replace many basic single-function safety relays, simplifying installations and saving money. In other cases, multi-function safety relays can be used instead of a safety-rated PLC, resulting in substantial savings while streamlining implementation and maintenance. Most safety relay designs have traditionally used safety relays constructed with internal electromechanical, forceguided relays. The key advantage here is voltage flexibility, as nearly any typical control voltage can be switched. Typical voltages include: 5 V DC,12 V DC, 24 V DC, 120 V AC and 230 V AC. The nominal current at 24 V DC is about 6 amps for a resistive-based load. Contrast this with a safety controller. A safety controller is a solid-state device. This means that its outputs are “transistorized” and only designed to switch 24 V DC at a typical maximum of 2 amps. If you plan on controlling a higher power relay or contactor, then these outputs will work fine. However, if you are using a safety relay to control the final load switching using voltages other than 24 V DC, then this is an important consideration. Safety controllers are typically modular, so safety I/O can be added. The safety I/O expansion modules are either solid-state or electromechanical. If safety controller expansion modules are needed, these costs will be an important consideration. Expansion modules can also be added to a safety relay system.
Convolutional neural networks during object identification
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Katrenko, Maksim; Катренко, Максим Олександрович
Nowadays, convolutional neural networks perform very well in identifying objects, but unfortunately, they have very important problems that are very difficult to get rid of. Convolutional networks use multiple layers of feature detectors. Each feature detector is local, so feature detectors are repeated across the space. Pooling gives some translational invariance in much deeper layers, but only in a crude way. The psychology of shape perception suggests that the human brain achieves translational invariance in a much better way. We know that, roughly speaking, the brain has two separate pathways, a “from” and “where”. Neurons in the “from” pathway respond to a particular type of stimulus regardless of where it is in the visual field. Neurons “where” are responsible for encoding where things are. As a side note, it is hypothesized that the “from” has a lower resolution then “where”.
Correlation method of height measurement
(National Aviation University, 2021) Ilyin, O.I.
In conditions of increasing intensity of air traffic, the performance of safe and regular flights of aircraft requires the use of high-precision means of measuring low altitudes. The most common are three methods of measuring height: amplitude, frequency and phase. In recent years, the J-correlation method has also been developed.
Development of methods of identification of IoT devices
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Korchan, Vladyslav; Корчан, Владислав Миколайович
There are various identification methods that cannot used by many devices of the Internet of Things for a number of objective reasons. In this case, a very important property is the fixed ratio an identifier with the actual device of the Internet of Things (physical address), as well as versatility in the application of the identifier in various industries. In the DOA architecture, the resolution system is two-tier. The first the resolution level is the global register (GHR, from the English Global Handle Registry); the second level is a set of local registries (LHR, from the English Local (Handle Registry) or local services (LHS, from the English.Local Handle Service). For permission identifier in this subsystem, first there is an appeal to the global registry GHR, which reports information about the local LHR, which contains necessary information about the digital object.
Efficient solar panel based on Arduino microcontroller
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Rodzin, Maksym; Родзін, Максим Олегович; Kharchenko, Yaroslav; Харченко, Ярослав Геннадійович
Тhe work is devoted to ecology as an urgent problem for mankind nowadays. It depicts the effectiveness factor of the panels should be installed on special support that allows the elements to rotate after the sun.
English proficiency of aviation personnel at regional airports of Ukraine
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Putkalets Oleksandr, Oleksandr; Путькалець, Олександр Анатолійович
This work is devoted to professional communication in English as the process of performing the professional activity. It depicts the skills of quick perception, translation, communication in professional English in various professional situations.
Evaluation of the inertia of the change in the speed of rotation of the lifting rotors on the dynamics of the motion of a heavy quadrocopter
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Gulyuk, Vasyl; Гулюк, Василь Ярославович
Unlike a helicopter, which uses a swashplate for control, which changes direction of the lifting rotor thrust, and the total pitch and adequately the magnitude of the rotor thrust, in the quadcopter (QC) the thrust direction relative to the body and the pitch of the rotor blades are unchanged. To change the flight trajectory or angular orientation of the quadcopter, the rotation speed and, accordingly, the magnitudes of the thrust of all four rotors change in a certain way. Thus, the control of QC is reduced to the control of the rotor rotation speed, which greatly simplifies the design of the control system.
Glide path beacons reliability increasing
(National Aviation University, 2021) Kalinovskyi, O.V.
Difficulty and multidimensional of Instrumental Landing Systems (ILS), use them directly for landing makes it necessary to solving a several problems aimed at improving functional possibilities of landing systems as a results of its operation contiouncly monitoring, increasing their operational reliability. In this thesis Glide Path Beacons (GPB) considered as part of ILS, which are designed to form a glide plane in space.
How GitHub is arranged and works
(National Aviation University, 2021-04) Krasnukov, Ihor; Краснюков, Ігор Вячеславович; Stepanko, Andriy; Степанко, Андрій Ростиславович
The work is devoted to programming as one of the most interesting, progressive, and highly paid occupations. It depicts programmers' skills for different specializations, the main features of GitHub, and software.
How to choose a programmable logic controller for the industrial tires
(National Aviation University, 2021-04-28) Bilai, Elizabeth; Білай, Єлизавета Сергіївна
Programmable logic controller (PLC) is a special type of electronic computer. Most often, PLCs are used to automate technological processes. The main mode of operation of the PLC is its long-term autonomous use, often in adverse environmental conditions, without serious maintenance and practically without human intervention. PLCs have a number of features that distinguish them from other electronic devices used in industry: • unlike a microcontroller (single-chip computer) – a microcircuit designed to control electronic devices – PLCs are an independent device, and not a separate microcircuit; • unlike computers, which are focused on decision making and operator control, PLCs are focused on working with machines through advanced input of sensor signals and output of signals to actuators; • unlike embedded systems, PLCs are manufactured as independent products, separate from the equipment controlled by it.

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